class template

<vector>

std::vector

template < class T, class Alloc = allocator<T> > class vector; // generic template

Векторы — это, так сказать, умные массивы. Они занимаются автоматическим размещением себя в памяти, расширением и сужением своего размера по мере
вставки или удаления данных. Векторы можно использовать в какой-то мере как массивы, обращаясь к элементам с помощью привычного оператора []. Случай-
ный доступ выполняется очень быстро в векторах. Также довольно быстро осуществляется добавление (или проталкивание) новых данных в конец вектора.

Когда это происходит, размер вектора автоматически увеличивается для того, чтобы было куда положить новое значение.

Container properties

Sequence: Elements in sequence containers are ordered in a strict linear sequence. Individual elements are accessed by their position in this sequence.
Dynamic array: Allows direct access to any element in the sequence, even through pointer arithmetics, and provides relatively fast addition/removal of elements at the end of the sequence.
Allocator-aware: The container uses an allocator object to dynamically handle its storage needs.

Template parameters

T: Type of the elements.
Only if T is guaranteed to not throw while moving, implementations can optimize to move elements instead of copying them during reallocations.
Aliased as member type vector::value_type.
Alloc: Type of the allocator object used to define the storage allocation model. By default, the allocator class template is used, which defines the simplest memory allocation model and is value-independent.
Aliased as member type vector::allocator_type.

member type	definition	notes
`value_type`	The first template parameter (`T`)
`allocator_type`	The second template parameter (`Alloc`)	defaults to:`allocator<value_type>`
`reference`	`value_type&`
`const_reference`	`const value_type&`
`pointer`	`allocator_traits<allocator_type>::pointer`	for the default allocator:`value_type*`
`const_pointer`	`allocator_traits<allocator_type>::const_pointer`	for the default allocator: `const value_type*`
`iterator`	a random access iterator to `value_type`	convertible to `const_iterator`
`const_iterator`	a random access iterator to `const value_type`
`reverse_iterator`	`reverse_iterator<iterator>`
`const_reverse_iterator`	`reverse_iterator<const_iterator>`
`difference_type`	a signed integral type, identical to: `iterator_traits<iterator>::difference_type`	usually the same as ptrdiff_t
`size_type`	an unsigned integral type that can represent any non-negative value of `difference_type`	usually the same as size_t

Member functions

(constructor): Construct vector (public member function )

(destructor): Vector destructor (public member function )

operator=: Assign content (public member function )

Iterators:

begin: Return iterator to beginning (public member function )

end: Return iterator to end (public member function )

rbegin: Return reverse iterator to reverse beginning (public member function )

rend: Return reverse iterator to reverse end (public member function )

cbegin: Return const_iterator to beginning (public member function )

cend: Return const_iterator to end (public member function )

crbegin: Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse beginning (public member function )

crend: Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse end (public member function )

Capacity:

size: Возвращает текущее число элементов, содержащихся в контейнере (public member function )

max_size: Возвращает максимальный размер, до которого может расшириться контейнер. (public member function )

resize: Change size (public member function )

capacity: Return size of allocated storage capacity (public member function )

empty: Test whether vector is empty (public member function )

reserve: Request a change in capacity (public member function )

shrink_to_fit: Shrink to fit (public member function )

Element access:

operator[]: Access element (public member function )

at: Access element (public member function )

front: Access first element (public member function )

back: Возвращает значение последнего элемента вектора. (public member function )

data: Access data (public member function )

Modifiers:

assign: Assign vector content (public member function )

push_back: Вставляет значение своего аргумента в конец вектора (конец располагается там, где находится самый большой индекс). (public member function )

pop_back: Удаляет последний элемент вектора. (public member function )

insert: Вставляют данные при обращении к произвольной позиции контейнера. (public member function )

erase: Удаляют данные при обращении к произвольной позиции контейнера. (public member function )

swap: Обменивает данные одного вектора на данные другого, при этом
порядок следования элементов не изменяется. (public member function )

clear: Clear content (public member function )

emplace: Construct and insert element (public member function )

emplace_back: Construct and insert element at the end (public member function )

Allocator:

get_allocator: Get allocator (public member function )

Non-member function overloads

relational operators: Relational operators for vector (function template )

swap: Exchange contents of vectors (function template )

Template specializations

vector<bool>: Vector of bool (class template specialization )